Which wind phenomenon is typically associated with warm air rising?

Hadley cell circulation is the correct answer because it describes a significant atmospheric pattern that involves the rising of warm air near the equator. In this circulation model, the intense heating from the Sun causes air to become warm and less dense, leading it to rise. As this warm air ascends, it cools and eventually spreads poleward at higher altitudes. This process is crucial for understanding many climatic elements, such as the formation of tropical rainforests and the creation of trade winds.

The other phenomena mentioned do not directly relate to the rising of warm air in the same way. Katabatic winds, for example, occur when cold, dense air flows down a slope, while trade winds and prevailing westerlies are characterized by horizontal wind patterns that occur at specific latitudes due to the Earth's rotation and the differential heating of the Earth's surface. Understanding how warm air rising fits into larger atmospheric circulations helps clarify fundamental meteorological concepts.