Which type of fog is likely to occur when warm, moist air moves over a cold surface?

Advection fog occurs when warm, moist air moves over a cooler surface, leading to the cooling of the air and subsequent condensation of moisture. This typically happens when coastal air masses—often warm and humid—encounter a cooler body of water or land, causing the air temperature to drop below the dew point and resulting in thick fog formation.

In contrast, radiation fog typically forms on clear nights when the ground loses heat rapidly, cooling the air layer directly above it, while upslope fog is associated with air rising along terrain that leads to cooling and condensation. Ice fog occurs in extremely low temperatures, where water vapor sublimates directly into ice crystals. Therefore, advection fog best describes the scenario where warm, moist air meets a cold surface, leading to fog formation.