What is a SPECI in aviation meteorology?

A SPECI, in aviation meteorology, refers to a Special METAR report. This type of report is issued to communicate significant changes in weather conditions that can affect aviation operations. Unlike routine METAR reports, which provide regular updates on weather conditions at set intervals, a SPECI is issued when there are sudden or notable changes in weather elements such as visibility, wind, or the presence of significant weather phenomena, like thunderstorms or fog.

The importance of a SPECI lies in its immediacy and relevance to flight safety, as pilots and aviation personnel rely on up-to-date information to make informed decisions regarding flight operations. This report plays a crucial role in ensuring that all stakeholders receive timely and accurate information needed for the safe conduct of flights, particularly in rapidly changing weather environments.